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George Eliot
Mary Ann Evans (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880; alternatively "Mary Anne" or "Marian"), known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, journalist, translator and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She is the author of seven novels, including ''Adam Bede'' (1859), ''The Mill on the Floss'' (1860), ''Silas Marner'' (1861), ''Middlemarch'' (1871–72), and ''Daniel Deronda'' (1876), most of them set in provincial England and known for their realism and psychological insight.
She used a male pen name, she said, to ensure her works would be taken seriously. Female authors were published under their own names during Eliot's life, but she wanted to escape the stereotype of women only writing lighthearted romances. She also wished to have her fiction judged separately from her already extensive and widely known work as an editor and critic. An additional factor in her use of a pen name may have been a desire to shield her private life from public scrutiny and to prevent scandals attending her relationship with the married George Henry Lewes, with whom she lived for over 20 years.〔Karl, Frederick R. ''George Eliot: Voice of a Century''. Norton, 1995. pp. 237–38.〕
Her 1872 work ''Middlemarch'' has been described by Martin Amis〔Long, Camilla. (Martin Amis and the sex war ), ''The Times'', 24 January 2010, p. 4: "They've () produced the greatest writer in the English language ever, George Eliot, and arguably the third greatest, Jane Austen, and certainly the greatest novel, Middlemarch..."〕 and Julian Barnes as the greatest novel in the English language.
== Life ==
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